However, with age, though the child may learn some basic skills of self care, he/she requires constant care and supervision throughout his/her life. There was no simple way of diagnosing the more mild or incipient forms of mental retardation until the development of psycho-metrics around 1910. He/she is not able to reach basic developmental milestones, like talking, walking, crawling, sitting up, etc., as expected with age and growth. Mental Retardation IQ During the 19th and early 20th centuries what we now call mild retardation was not recognized except as associated with disturbed or delinquent behavior. Profound ID in children is observed right from infancy.There is no muscle coordination seen in the infant. He/she needs another person’s nursing, supervision, and care throughout his/her entire life. In a majority of the cases of severe ID, the child is not able to learn the basic life skills. In addition to these, such a person shows aggressiveness and a tendency to self injury. Severe IDĪ person suffering from severe intellectual disability shows all the above mentioned symptoms of mild and severe type to a much greater degree since childhood. Such a person can achieve self-support till adulthood. He/she needs constant supervision and care for survival. Such a child lacks curiosity, logical thinking, and problem solving capability. This makes the child unable to learn even simple life skills. He/she lacks the ability to retain information and remember things. Such a child faces difficulty in learning basic communication, and social, operational, and academic skills. These are the earliest observed symptoms infants. With age till adulthood, the child may learn enough job skills and life skills to carry forward life on his/her own.Ĭhildren with moderate ID reach developmental milestones a bit later than their peers do. Beyond this, his/her educational attainment is very difficult or impossible. Such a child can reach the educational plateau up to grade 6. The most common symptoms are learning difficulties and poor social skills. The symptoms of mild ID in children often go neglected till they enter an educational setup. Following is a discussion of the symptoms of ID according to its various types. Such a case is known as profound intellectual disability. There can be some unfortunate cases where the IQ score is in the range of 20-25. In case of severe intellectual disability, the patient scores between 20-40 on the IQ test. The score for a person with moderate ID lies between 35-50. A person diagnosed to be suffering from mild ID scores between 50-70 on the standardized intelligence quotient (IQ) tests. ID is basically grouped into four types, viz., mild, moderate, severe, and very severe or profound. Mental retardation symptoms are quite prominent and are easily noticeable. It can be caused by a wide variety of factors, such as congenital disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, genetic defects, malnutrition, toxins, trauma, and inherited metabolic disorders. Anyone, irrespective of the age or gender, may become a victim of this disorder. In majority of such cases, the abnormality exists for the entire life. Approximately 1-3% of human population has been found out to be suffering from ID. Mental retardation, more commonly known as intellectual disability (ID), is a condition in which a person has below-average general intellectual function and has difficulties in learning basic skills necessary for daily living.
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